Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science)

Evaluation of Biomass Production, Nutrient Content and Digestibility of Asystasia gangetica as an Alternative Forage under Palm Plantation

2022-12-05T02:25:13+00:00

Integrated farming systems through inclusion of forage into the plantation area can increase forage supply for ruminants.Â The aim of the research was to evaluate biomass production, nutrient, mineral content and digestibility of A. gangetica under different light intensity on palm plantation area. The research was conducted under randomized complete block design based on three different light intensity on each block. Â Data were analyzed statistically with R i386 3.6.1 using Analysis of Variance Test (ANOVA), and Duncan Test was applied to determine the level of significant diï¬€erence.Â The research showed A. gangetica cultivation influenced the soil properties under palm plantation.Â A gangetica growth well until light intensity 14.39% that indicated by average biomass production on the first harvest time reached 78.58 g/plant. Â The light intensity decreases triggered an increase of A. gangetica dry matter percentage, ash content and crude protein.Â Â The light intensity unaffected the concentration of minerals Ca, P, Mg and forage digestibility, on the other side the dry matter digestibility on the second harvest time decreased due to the soil properties influences. The research concluded that biomass production, nutrient, mineral content and digestibility of A. gangetica under palm plantation area were affected by light intensity, soil properties and harvest time

Characteristics of Tallow-Based Soap by the Addition of Kefir Curd from Goat Milk

2022-12-05T02:14:38+00:00

Tallow is a less economical and underutilized animal's fat. In fact, tallow comprises triglycerides from several fatty acids which support skin protection by increasing moisture and preventing dryness. The use of tallow in soap manufacturing will gain its interest and enhance its value added. In this study, solid soaps are prepared using tallow as raw materials by adding kefir curd from goat milk. This study analyzed the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of the particular soaps by developing a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. The kefir curd gradually increased its proportion in soap manufacturing and observed its effect on pH, moisture content, degree of foaming, and foam stability. Organoleptic tests for both hedonics and hedonic qualities were also performed and analyzed by Kruskal Wallis's nonparametric analysis. The statistical analysis reported a significant difference of 6% curd addition on pH (p<0.05) than fewer or without curd additions. The average moisture content of soap with a 6% curd addition did not differ significantly from the soap with a 4% curd addition. However, these moisture contents significantly differed from others by less or without curd addition. All soap formulations also showed no significant difference in foam height and stability. Meanwhile, the hedonic quality tests showed that the soaps has moderate foam forming degree and less fat aroma. In addition, the foam forming degree and fat aroma was not significant for all formula. The hedonic test showed that the panelists preferred tallow soap with a 6% curd addition, even though the analysis reported no significantly different (p>0.05).

The effects of Using Nano-Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) Extract on the Feed Economic Value and Income Over Feed Costs of Broiler Chicken Farm

2023-03-17T01:51:52+00:00

This study aims to determined the effects of using nano-meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) extract on the feed economic value and income over feed costs of broiler chicken farms. This research method was an observational study with a sample of one-day-old Cobb strain broiler chicken at PT. Haraka Kitri Endah. A total of 79.600 day-old-chicken were divided into 4 groups of treatments and eight replications, each group of treatments consisted of 19.900 day-old-chicken. Treatments are given for 14 days – from the chickens are 21 days old until the chickens reach 35 days old consisted of T0, as the control group, was not given nano-meniran extract and was only given mineral feed; T1 was given nano-meniran extract 5%; T2 was given nano-meniran extract 10%; and T3 was given nano-meniran extract 20%. The administration of nano-meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) extract on the feed’s economic value and income over feed costs showed a significant difference (p<0.05). Research results showed the feed economic value of the broiler chickens are T0 = IDR 13.345,21; T1= IDR 12.315,57; T2 = IDR 13.057,11; and T3 = IDR 13.476,69. Income over feed costs calculations showed that T0 = IDR 8.942,13; T1= IDR 11.276,63; T2 = IDR 8.848,44; and T3 = IDR 8.299,44. T1 with nano-meniran extract 5% gives the best result. This research showed that nano-meniran extract has an immunomodulatory activity that positively impacts broiler chickens because it reduces the feed’s economic value and increases the income over feed costs.

Laying Hens Growth Performance in the Peak Production Phase Offered Bio-Herbal as a Feed Additive

2023-02-21T09:19:56+00:00

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of the addition of bio-herbal as a feed additive on feed consumption, hen day production, feed egg ratio and mortality of laying hens. The materials in this experiment used 200 laying hens of the Hyline strain age 28 to 36 weeks (reared for 60 days). The method used in this study was an in vivo experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments consisting of P0 = drinking water without bio-herbals (control treatment), T1 = control treatment + bio-herbal yellow, P2 = control treatment + bio-herbal green, and T3 = control treatment + bio-herbal combination yellow and green (alternately every one week). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if there was a significant effect, then tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The observed variables were feed consumption, Hen Day Production (HDP), feed egg ratio and mortality. The results showed that the addition of bio-herbals had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the feed consumption, hen day production, feed egg ratio and mortality. It can be concluded bio-herbal green gives the best results in improving egg quality. Due to the bioactive compounds of bio-herbal green, they consist of probiotic and phytobiotic.

The Effects of Using Clove Meal (Syzygium aromaticum L.) as Feed Additive on Nutrient Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Broiler Chicken

2023-03-16T06:11:57+00:00

This study was aimed at determining the effect of clove meal addition in diets on nutrient digestibility and metabolizable energy in broilers and whether it could be an alternative to antibiotics or not. In this experiment, twenty-four 35-day-old broilers of the chicken strain Lohman were used. A total of twenty broiler chickens were selected as representatives for determining the digestibility. The treatment diets were: T0 (basal diet), T1 (basal diet + 0.25% clove meal), T2 (basal diet + 0.5% clove meal), T3 (basal diet + 0.75% clove meal), and T4 (basal diet + 1% clove meal). The variables measured were dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, apparent protein digestibility, true digestible protein (TDP), Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), True Metabolizable Energy (TME), Nitrogen Corrected Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AMEn) and Nitrogen Corrected True Metabolizable Energy (TMEn). A completely random design was used, with five treatments and four replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and differences among treatments were examined using Duncan’s multiple range test. The results show that the treatment influences significantly (P<0.05) of dry matter, organic matter, apparent protein digestibility, and TDP. In contrast, there were no significant effects (p>0,05) of dietary treatment on AME, TME, AMEn, and TMEn. However, the addition of 0.75% clove meal indicated the best result in AME, TME, AMEn, and TMEn. It can be concluded that the experiment indicated that the addition of clove meal (Syzygium aromaticum L.) in 0.75% on the diet of broiler chickens was effective in increasing the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, TDP, and metabolizable energy.

The Effect of Binahong Leaf Extract as a Disinfectant in Duck Egg Incubator

2022-12-05T03:28:34+00:00

Binahong is a native South American plant that grows well in Indonesia. The active compounds contained in the binahong plant are widely used as traditional medicine. Active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, comarins and phenolic acids are antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of binahong leaves in inhibiting bacteria and fungi in duck egg incubators. The concentration of binahong extract used was 30%, 40%, 50%, 100% binahong leaf solution, and 1% chemical disinfectant Cethylpiridium Chloride (CPC). Evaluation was carried out on decreasing the number of bacteria, fungi, inhibition zones on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and identification of fungi reduced by binahong leaf extract in duck egg incubators. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. The results showed the concentration of 50% binahong leaf extract had the option to decrease the number of bacteria and fungi 88.48% and 53.81%, respectively, 100% binahong solution could decrease the quantity of bacteria and fungi 56.75% and 34.95% respectively and 1% CPC chemical disinfectant reduced the number of bacteria and fungi 91.65% and 62.60%, respectively. Binahong leaf extract produced inhibition zones on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with a strong interpretation, namely 19.2 mm and 16.2 mm, respectively.

Improving the Physicochemical and Microstructural Qualities of Chicken Patties with the Addition of Red Beet Peel Flour (Beta vulgaris L) as a Filler

2023-02-24T07:31:37+00:00

Chicken patties are one of the processed products that have a low fiber content and pale color, and are easily rancid because there are no added preservatives. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical and microstructural qualities of chicken patties using red beet peel flour (RBPF) as a source of fiber to increase the added value of RBPF. This research was conducted using experimental laboratory methods with a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. Treatment without the use of RBPF as a control (CP0), 1% (CP1), 2% (CP2), and 3% (CP3) used beetroot flour of the weight of material used. The variables measured were carbohydrates, texture, pH, fiber, organoleptic quality, and microstructure. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used as data analysis if there were differences in effect between the treatments, followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Using RBPF in chicken patties can improve the quality of chicken patties. The higher the use of RBPF, the higher the carbohydrate content, texture, and fiber, and lowered the pH of the patties. Panelists gave the highest rating score the higher the addition of RBPF in terms of color, taste, aroma, texture, and acceptability. The addition of RBPF with the best treatment was 3%. Based on the physicochemical quality, organoleptic quality, and microstructure, those addition has excellent nutritional content and RBPF which can be used to improve the texture of processed food products.

Novel Mutations in The Coding Region of The Third Exon of Myostatin (MSTN) Gene in Madura Cattle

2023-03-31T05:28:27+00:00

Molecular information using gene variants could support livestock selection to improve livestock productivity. This study aimed to identify the variants in part of the MSTN gene (part of the third exon coding region), a gene known for its significant effect on muscle growth. DNA was isolated from 95 Madura cattle blood samples collected in Pamekasan, Madura. PCR was used to amplify to MSTN region in part of the third exon, and one-way sequencing was conducted to obtain the sequence from the amplified product. Six SNPs were identified. Four SNPs were novel mutations, and the other two SNPs were recorded in the Ensembl database (rs466598800 and rs211583837). Among the identified novel mutations, one mutation in c.1301G/T caused a stop codon for the TT genotype cattle. However, no cattle carried the TT genotype. Three other mutations in c.1324, c.1373, and c.1399 were missense mutations that change the amino acids Q311L, A318P, and L335B, respectively. Most of the cattle had heterozygote genotypes for all the identified SNPs. It could also be noted that there were sequence differences in the part of the third exon identified between Madura cattle and Zebu cattle (by Tantia et al., 2006).

Customer Satisfaction with The Product Quality and Service of Meatball Celebes Restaurant in Makassar City

2022-12-05T03:50:26+00:00

In the objective of meeting the need for animal protein, the Maiwa Breeding Center (MBC) carried out diversification of its processed chicken meat products in the form of crispy chicken. This study aimed to analyze the level of consumer satisfaction with the quality and services of the products provided by Meatball Celebes Restaurant. The data were collected from 98 respondents who were randomly selected from each predetermined area using an online questionnaire in the form of google form format during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were further analyzed using IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) and CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) analysis. The results revealed that the product quality of the Celebes meatball restaurant, which is the product suitability attribute, became an important attribute, so it needed to be improved. Furthermore, function, reliability, and quality attributes must be maintained because they are important categories, whose performance are currently good. The attributes of physical conditions including the cleanliness, parking areas, and complete facilities are the main priority categories to be improved. The ability to provide reliable services, performance needs to be maintained because it has been good and is considered important by consumers. The responsiveness attribute, however, is a low priority to be improved. Based on the CSI analysis, the level of consumer satisfaction, which is the quality of the product, obtained a value of 0.79, while the service obtained a value of 0.78, thus categorized as satisfied. Therefore, these aspects need to be more improved in order to become very satisfied.

A SWOT Analysis on the Implementation of the Yoghurt Marketing Strategy: A Case Study in the Malang, Indonesia

2022-12-05T04:08:01+00:00

Milk as a farm product has a significant role in improving the quality of human resources through the intersection of protein and mineral needs. One of the dairy products is yogurt or probiotic fermented milk. Yoghurt is a processed milk food that is a valuable ingredient for the human body and contains high levels of protein, lactose, and lactic acid. This research is conducted to identify the company's internal and external environmental conditions and formulate business development strategies. The research methods are survey methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Research respondents are internal parties: the company leadership and the production section. Respondents from external parties are agents, consumers, competitors, and related agencies. Data analysis uses SWOT analysis. The results showed that the total average score of the IFE matrix was 2,353, and the EFE matrix was 2,587. An alternative formulation of S-O strategies by maintaining product quality and excellence to attract customers. W-O's strategy is to cooperate with investors to obtain investments. S-T strategy by doing marketing research. W-T strategy by promoting products that are more vigorous and effective.

Study Motility of Ongole Crossbred Semen with Soybean-Based Diluents Stored at Ambient Temperature (24-27 0C)

2023-03-31T06:25:15+00:00

Artificial insemination with fresh semen is an alternative that can be done if there is a limitation of liquid nitrogen, bull, and facilities for processing liquid and frozen semen (costly). This study aimed to determine the optimal diluent formula based on CEP-3 (modified/m) and aqueous soybean extract (ASE) to support spermatozoa motility at ambient temperature storage. The research design was completely randomized, with eight treatments and six replications. The diluent formula treatments were as follows: T1 (CEP-3(m)), T2 (CEP-3(m)+10% Egg Yolk/EY), T3 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 1%), T4 (CEP-3 (m)+ASE 2%), T5 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 3%), T6 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 4%), T7 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 5%), and T8 (CEP-3(m)+ASE 6%). The parameters were measured, i.e., the motility of spermatozoa and its kinetic parameters. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with SPSS 16 program. The result showed that the progressive motility of spermatozoa at day one was more than 50% in diluents CEP-3(m)+ASE 1-2%. Diluent CEP-3(m) and aqueous soybean extract 1-2% can support spermatozoa's motility and kinetic parameters during storage at ambient temperature, including progressive motility, motility, motility, velocity, and BCF.

Phenotypic Performance and The Characterization of Growth Hormone (GH|AluI) in Bangkok Chicken Breed

2022-12-13T08:58:01+00:00

This study aimed to determine Bangkok chicken’s phenotypic characteristics and growth hormone genes using the PCR-RFLP method. The samples used were 50 Bangkok chickens. Research in the field is taking phenotypic traits data. Research in the laboratory is carried out by DNA isolation, amplification, and restriction. This study showed that DOC weight, body weight, and bodyweight gain of DOC-1 month, 1-2 months, 2-3 months of Bangkok chickens were significantly different (P <0.05) higher than female Bangkok chickens. The results of the molecular analysis of DNA isolation were precise, then the amplification of the GH gene fragment with a product length of 997 bp and restriction obtained a ++ genotype. Allele frequencies and genotypes obtained in the Bangkok chicken GH|AluI genes are monomorphic. Conclusion: the phenotypic characteristics of the average body weight, the body weight gain of male Bangkok chicken was higher than that of female. Allele frequencies and genotypes of Bangkok chicken are monomorphic.

Cattle Disease Studies Via Geographical Information System in Bowi Subur Village, Masni District, Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province

2022-03-07T09:34:12+00:00

Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing provide real-time data to stakeholders. GIS is new and modern tool that are essential for mapping, monitoring, and surveillance of animal diseases. This study aims to provide a digital map of cattle population and disease distribution. Using satellite imaging as mapping apparatus, this study map the distribution of cattle diseases. Animal health is key to livestock production and productivity. This study can be used as prevention and treatment measures efficiently and effectively. Based on the results of the study, the cattle population in Bowi Subur Village was 455 heads. About 78% of respondents graze their cattle extensively in a forage land while the other 22% keep their cattle intensively in the barn, 31 respondents (31%) stated that their cattle had health problems. The study showed that cattle diseases, such as helminth infestation, external parasite infestation, dystocia, and abortus, are varied. Both primary and secondary data showed that helminth infestation was the most common case. Bowi Subur Village has great potential for animal husbandry development especially ruminants in Manokwari Regency.

Correlation Strength Assessment of Animal Husbandry Components to the Implementation of ASEAN Good Animal Husbandry Practices: A case study in layer farming

2023-02-20T03:54:16+00:00

ASEAN Good Animal Health Practice (GAHP) is a joint product of ASEAN member countries to be applied in laying farms. The Research aimed to explore management practices of laying farms in accordance with the guidelines from ASEAN GAHP. South Lampung District and East Lampung District were the chosen locations in this Research. The ASEAN GAHP-based questionnaires were arranged and used for this Research. A variety of data analysis were conducted namely normality analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis technique. The Result showed there were no significant difference were found between South Lampung District and East Lampung District farmers in the implementation of GAHP components in layer farms. Application of Veterinary Control Number (Nomor Kontrol Veteriner, NKV) issued by Government becomes a strong driver for farmers to implement the ASEAN GAHP. The Research concluded the components which have a strong relationship in the implementation of ASEAN-GAHP were waste management, personnel hygiene, transportation, water quality and treatment, and surveillance and diseases control.

Feasibility Study of Quail Farming Business at Nurul Quran Islamic Boarding School in Bali, Indonesia

2023-04-03T02:43:37+00:00

Nurul Quran Islamic boarding school (so called pondok pesantren in Bahasa Indonesia) would develop a quail farming business to provide agriculture skills and develop entrepreneurship for the students and alumni. Quail farming is selected because it is relatively easy, lucrative, has productivity up to 90%, produces 130-300 eggs per week, and does not require an extensive farming area. This study aims to analyze the feasibility study of the quail farming business at Nurul Quran Islamic boarding school, Bali, Indonesia. The method used in this study was purposive sampling. The economic analysis includes cost, revenue, Return on Investment and SWOT analysis. The findings indicate that the quail farming business will be most efficient at a scale of 3,000 birds with a total cost of Rp 214,849,351 and total revenue of Rp 297,975,000 per period. The return per cost of the business is 1.39; the boarding school will achieve a return of investment up to 51.22%. The SWOT analysis shows that the quail farming business at the boarding school has an excellent opportunity. However, the boarding school should have some strategies to minimize the weaknesses and threats that could challenge the business. The boarding school needs to develop human resources before starting the business, maximize the potential of the boarding school, market access, technology, and networking with the Muslim community as the marketing strategy for the quail farming business.