Histological structure of Pectoralis thoracicus, small intestine, and growth performance of broiler chicken after supplementation of peanut hulls (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Rana Puti Lembayu Lembayu; Alfonsus Chrystian Armandu; Hendry Trisakti Saragih

doi:10.21776/ub.jiip.2022.032.01.05

Histological structure of Pectoralis thoracicus, small intestine, and growth performance of broiler chicken after supplementation of peanut hulls (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Rana Puti Lembayu Lembayu, Alfonsus Chrystian Armandu, Hendry Trisakti Saragih

Abstract

The main factor that must be considered in achieving the success of the broiler industry is feed. Processed peanuts from home industries produce waste material in the form of peanut hulls. This study aims to determine the effect of peanut hulls supplementation (PHS) on feed on the histological structure of the Pectoralis thoracicus (PT) muscle, small intestine, and the growth performance of broiler chickens. This study used 360 chickens then divided into 4 treatment groups with each group amounting to 90 with 3 replications. The control group (K) was given basal feed, perlakuan 1 (P1) group with PHS 0.25% /kg basal feed, group P2 with PHS 0.5%/kg basal feed, and group P3 with PHS 1%/kg basal feed. The treatment was carried out until the chicken was 18 days old. The parameters observed were chicken body weight at post-hatch age, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 days, feed conversion ratio (FCR), histological structure of pectoralis muscle, and small intestine. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA, significance (P≤0.05). The results showed that body weight and FCR values of groups P1, P2, P3 were significant towards the control. The results of the pectoralis muscle treatment group were increased significantly compared to the control. The morphological results of duodenum and jejunum groups P1, P2, P3 were significantly increased towards the control. The conclusions of this study indicate that PHS in feed shows improved body weight, the FCR value, muscle performance of PT, and structure of small intestine of broiler chickens with the addition of the most optimal supplement of peanut hulls, which is 0.5%/kg basal diet.

Keywords

Waste material; Peanut hulls; Pectoralis thoracicus muscle; Growth performance; Small intestinal

Full Text:

PDF

References

Amrullah, I. K. (2004). Nutrisi Ayam Broiler (3rd ed.). Lembaga Satu Gunungbudi.

Bently, J. (2003). Feeding Breeder Hens.

Corzo, A., Kidd, M. T., Dozier, W. A., Shack, L. A., & Burgess, S. C. (2006). Protein expression of pectoralis major muscle in chickens in response to dietary methionine status. British Journal of Nutrition, 95(4), 703–708. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051716

Daughtry, M. R., Berio, E., Shen, Z., Suess, E. J. R., Shah, N., Geiger, A. E., Berguson, E. R., Dalloul, R. A., Persia, M. E., Shi, H., & Gerrard, D. E. (2017). Satellite cell-mediated breast muscle regeneration decreases with broiler size. Poultry Science, 96(9), 3457–3464. https://doi.org/10. 3382/ps/pex068

Fontana, E. A., Weaver, W. D., Watkins, B. A., & Denbow, D. M. (1992). Effect of early feed restriction on growth, feed conversion, and mortality in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 71(8), 1296–1305. https://doi.org/10. 3382/ps.0711296

Halevy, O., Nadel, Y., Barak, M., Rozenboim, I., & Sklan, D. (2003). Early Posthatch feeding stimulates satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle growth in Turkey Poults. The Journal of Nutrition, 133(5), 1376–1382. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133. 5.1376

Leeson, S., & Summers, J. D. (2008). Commercial Poultry Nutrition. Nottingham University Press.

Lindemann, M. D., Kornegay, E. T., & Moore, R. J. (1986). Digestibility and Feeding Value of Peanut Hulls for Swine. Journal of Animal Science, 62(2), 412–421. https://doi.org/10.25 27/jas1986.622412x

Mescher, A. I. (2010). Junqueira’s Basic Histology. McGraw Hill Co, Inc.

Panase, P., & Mengumphan, K. (2015). Growth performance, length-weight relationship and condition factor of backcross and reciprocal hybrid catfish reared in Net Cages. International Journal of Zoological Research, 11(2), 57–64. https://doi. org/10.3923/ijzr.2015.57.64

Petracci, M., & Berri, C. (2017). Poultry quality evaluation: Quality attributes and consumer values. In Poultry Quality Evaluation: Quality Attributes and Consumer Values.

Saragih, H. T. S. S. G., Alawi, M. F., Rafieiy, M., Lesmana, I., & Sujadmiko, H. (2018). Pakan aditif ekstrak etanol lumut hati meningkatkan pertumbuhan morfologi duodenum dan perkembangan otot dada ayam pedaging. Jurnal Veteriner, 18(4), 617–623. https://doi. org/10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.4.617

Siri, S., Tobioka, H., & Tasaki, I. (1992). Effects of dietary cellulose level on nutrient utilization in chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 5(4), 741–746. https://doi. org/10.5713/ajas.1992.741

Sitompul, S. A., Sjofjan, O., & Djunaidi, I. H. (2016). Pengaruh beberapa jenis pakan komersial terhadap kinerja produksi kuantitatif dan kualitatif ayam pedaging. Buletin Peternakan, 40(3), 187–189. https://doi.org/10.21 059/buletinpeternak.v40i3.11622

Sugiyono, S., Hindratiningrum, N., & Primandini, Y. (2015). Determinasi energi metabolis dan kandungan nutrisi hasil samping pasar sebagai potensi bahan pakan lokal ternak unggas. Jurnal Agripet, 15(1), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v15i1.2298

Wang, W. W., Qiao, S. Y., & Li, D. F. (2009). Amino acids and gut function. Amino Acids, 37(1), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-008-0152-4

Zuidhof, M. J., Schneider, B. L., Carney, V. L., Korver, D. R., & Robinson, F. E. (2014). Growth, efficiency, and yield of commercial broilers from 1957, 1978, and 2005. Poultry Science, 93(12), 2970–2982. https://doi.org/10. 3382/ps.2014-04291

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2022.032.01.05